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Fetal Aneuploidy Screening Mastery

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Short Long Bones

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Learn to assess fetal long bones, specifically the femur and humerus. Students will understand the criteria for 'short' bones and how these findings are integrated into a comprehensive risk assessment for skeletal dysplasias and aneuploidy.

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Complete this lesson and pass the quiz to earn 10 Karma Points and move one step closer to your Fetal Aneuploidy Screening Mastery Certification.

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1. In second-trimester Trisomy 21 fetuses, which bones are characteristically short?
Radius & Ulna Humerus & Femur Tibia & Fibula Clavicle & Scapula
2. What is the critical technical requirement when measuring long bone length on ultrasound?
Measure at a 45° angle Align the diaphysis vertically Align the diaphysis horizontally Include cartilaginous ends
3. When assessing short long bones for aneuploidy, which reference parameter should actual measurements be compared against?
Gestational age (GA) Abdominal circumference (AC) Biparietal diameter (BPD) Head circumference (HC)
4. Which two ratios can be used to assess femur length between 15 and 23 weeks?
FL/AC ratio and HC/AC ratio Observed-to-expected FL ratio and BPD/FL ratio FL/HC ratio and AC/BPD ratio HL/FL ratio and TCD/BPD ratio
5. Why is a short femur length considered an unreliable standalone screening marker for Down syndrome?
It is only visible after 28 weeks The femur is unaffected in Trisomy 21 The decrease in femur length is too small to be diagnostically useful Femur measurements have poor inter-observer reliability
6. What is the approximate increase in Trisomy 21 risk when both humerus AND femur are short, compared with age-based risk alone?
3-fold 5-fold 8-fold 11-fold