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Diagnostic Planes of the Fetal Heart

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The Three-Vessel and Tracheal View

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Explore the vascular arrangement at the top of the cardiac sweep. This session details the three-vessel and trachea view, teaching students how to confirm the correct alignment of the great vessels and identify high-level anomalies in the pulmonary artery, aorta, and superior vena cava.

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1. The Three Vessels & Trachea (3VT) view is the most superior axial view of which anatomical region?
Inferior mediastinum Superior mediastinum Posterior fossa Upper abdomen
2. In the 3VT view, what is the correct left-to-right arrangement of the three main vessels?
Aorta → PA → SVC SVC → Aorta → PA PA → Aorta → SVC PA → SVC → Aorta
3. The pulmonary artery trunk in the 3VT view connects directly to which part of the right ventricle?
Trabecular part Inlet part Infundibular part Membranous septum
4. Which two features of the fetal aorta in the 3VT view indicate normal anatomy?
Oval shape & larger than PA Circular shape & equal diameter to PA Elliptical shape & smaller than PA Circular shape & larger than PA
5. In the 3VT view, the trachea is described as a dense ring located in which position relative to surrounding structures?
Left of aorta, anterior to SVC Right of aorta, anterior to spine Right of aorta, posterior to SVC Left of SVC, posterior to aorta
6. What structures are primarily visualized in the 3VT view?
Right ventricle, left ventricle, and left atrium Superior vena cava, aorta, and pulmonary artery Aortic arch, ductal arch, and trachea Pulmonary veins, atrial septum, and descending aorta
7. What is the key purpose of the 3VT view in fetal echocardiography?
To assess the size of the fetal heart chambers To evaluate the arrangement and size of the great vessels and their relationship to the trachea To measure blood flow in the umbilical arteries To detect septal defects in the heart
8. In the 3VT view, what does an abnormal "Y-shaped" configuration of the great vessels suggest?
Coarctation of the aorta Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) Persistent left superior vena cava
9. Which imaging modality is often used to confirm blood flow patterns in the 3VT view?
M-mode imaging Power Doppler imaging Color Doppler imaging Grayscale imaging
10. In the 3VT view, the pulmonary artery appears disproportionately smaller than the aorta. This finding could indicate:
Tricuspid atresia Pulmonary stenosis or atresia Tetralogy of Fallot Hypoplastic left heart syndrome